Plants are vital to human life and health and are essential to mitigate the effects of climate change. Due to their sessile lifestyle, plants have developed the ability to rapidly adapt their genome expression in response to environmental challenges. Multiple lines of evidence indicate that spatial (3D) organization of nuclear DNA is critical in this adaptation process and the Impact of Nuclear Domains On Gene Expression and Plant Traits (INDEPTH) network will decipher how nuclear architecture, chromatin organization and gene expression are connected and modified in response to internal and external cues. This is COST Action CA16212.